If you are using Redhat's netcfg utility to connect to the internet and you are sick of having to open up the GUI, and click on ACTIVATE to connect, and then have to click on DEACTIVATE to disconnect... here is one little thing that you can do to make life easier.
Let's say you have a ppp0 set up with netcfg. Just add this two lines to your /etc/bashrc
alias dial="/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifup-ppp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp0"
alias hangup="/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifdown-ppp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ppp0"
Now if you want to connect, all you need to do is to go to your terminal and type dial; if you would like to disconnect just
Saturday, April 26, 2008
Friday, April 18, 2008
Fedora Core 7
Upgrading from previous Fedora
---------------------------------------------------
# rpm -Uhv http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release-7.rpm
Fedora 7 comes with a much improved font package which does NOT get installed when you upgrade for some reason. You'll first want to remove any of the Microsoft fonts first if you had installed them previously then install the new Red Hat provided fonts:
# rpm -ev msttcorefonts
# yum -y install liberation-fonts
# service xfs restart
And finally you're going to need to do an update of the whole system. This will most likely pick up official Fedora updates as well as updated packages from the Livna repository. This might take a while.
# yum -y update
Install MP3 Plug-in
-------------------------------
Since you've been following along this next step is about as easy as it gets. Just use yum to automatically install the MP3 plug-ins for xmms and Rhythmbox like this:
# yum -y install xmms xmms-mp3 xmms-faad2 gstreamer-plugins-ugly \
gstreamer-plugins-bad libmad libid3tag
While you're here you might as well install music player
Banshee:
# yum -y install banshee
The -y flag is to automatically answer yes to any question. If you want to be able to say no you can ignore that flag.
While you're there I highly recommend the grip CD ripper which supports both MP3 and Ogg formats. Once again installation is quite simple:
# yum -y install grip
Other Handy Utilities
----------------------------------
Here are a few other tools that aren't installed by default but a lot of people find handy:
# yum -y install gnomebaker testdisk thunderbird \
screen cups-pdf filelight unrar boost
boost - Advanced graphical Bittorrent
clientcups-pdf - Add-on to CUPS which creates a PDF Printer which you can use to print any document in PDF format. The file is written to your Desktop.
filelight - A wonderful graphical viewer of where your disk space usage is. Very handy for cleaning up your home directory.
gnomebaker - GTK based CD/DVD burning utilityscreen - If you do a lot with the command line you'll find screen
invaluabletestdisk - Two command line utilities to recover lost partitions and undelete files on FAT filesystems. VERY handy for undeleting files on flash memory cards.
thunderbird - Excellent E-mail client that complements Firefox
unrar - Useful utility to extract RAR archives
Install Java J2RE and Mozilla Plug-in
----------------------------------------------------------
It's also very handy to have the Java run-time environment available and most importantly a Mozilla plug-in so you can view dynamic content. It's unfortunate that Mozilla will actually crash if you go to a site containing Java and you don't have the plug-in installed. The libraries in Fedora 7 are newer than the ones used by Sun's build so you'll also need to install a compatability library.
Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 6 Update 2 from Java.com. You'll want to grab the Linux RPM in self-extracting file. Then you want to install it with:
# yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33
# sh ./jre-6u2-linux-i586-rpm.bin
Then you'll probably want to enable Java Plug-ins and here once again there is no easy way:
# ln -s /usr/java/jre1.6.0_02/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
And finally you'll need to tell Fedora that you wish to use this version of Java as the preferred interpreter rather than the Open Source version that's installed by default. You'll of course need to adjust the full pathname if you install a newer version of the jre than the one in this example: # /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java \
/usr/java/jre1.6.0_02/bin/java 1602
# /usr/sbin/alternatives --config java
There are 2 programs which provide 'java'.
Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.5.0-gcj/bin/java
* 2 /usr/java/jre1.6.0_02/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 2
# java -version
java version "1.6.0_02"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_02-b05)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.6.0_02-b05, mixed mode, sharing)
If you know of an easier way please post it to the Comments section below.
After you re-start your browser you can test the Java plug-in installation at http://java.com/en/download/installed.jsp
---------------------------------------------------
# rpm -Uhv http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release-7.rpm
Fedora 7 comes with a much improved font package which does NOT get installed when you upgrade for some reason. You'll first want to remove any of the Microsoft fonts first if you had installed them previously then install the new Red Hat provided fonts:
# rpm -ev msttcorefonts
# yum -y install liberation-fonts
# service xfs restart
And finally you're going to need to do an update of the whole system. This will most likely pick up official Fedora updates as well as updated packages from the Livna repository. This might take a while.
# yum -y update
Install MP3 Plug-in
-------------------------------
Since you've been following along this next step is about as easy as it gets. Just use yum to automatically install the MP3 plug-ins for xmms and Rhythmbox like this:
# yum -y install xmms xmms-mp3 xmms-faad2 gstreamer-plugins-ugly \
gstreamer-plugins-bad libmad libid3tag
While you're here you might as well install music player
Banshee:
# yum -y install banshee
The -y flag is to automatically answer yes to any question. If you want to be able to say no you can ignore that flag.
While you're there I highly recommend the grip CD ripper which supports both MP3 and Ogg formats. Once again installation is quite simple:
# yum -y install grip
Other Handy Utilities
----------------------------------
Here are a few other tools that aren't installed by default but a lot of people find handy:
# yum -y install gnomebaker testdisk thunderbird \
screen cups-pdf filelight unrar boost
boost - Advanced graphical Bittorrent
clientcups-pdf - Add-on to CUPS which creates a PDF Printer which you can use to print any document in PDF format. The file is written to your Desktop.
filelight - A wonderful graphical viewer of where your disk space usage is. Very handy for cleaning up your home directory.
gnomebaker - GTK based CD/DVD burning utilityscreen - If you do a lot with the command line you'll find screen
invaluabletestdisk - Two command line utilities to recover lost partitions and undelete files on FAT filesystems. VERY handy for undeleting files on flash memory cards.
thunderbird - Excellent E-mail client that complements Firefox
unrar - Useful utility to extract RAR archives
Install Java J2RE and Mozilla Plug-in
----------------------------------------------------------
It's also very handy to have the Java run-time environment available and most importantly a Mozilla plug-in so you can view dynamic content. It's unfortunate that Mozilla will actually crash if you go to a site containing Java and you don't have the plug-in installed. The libraries in Fedora 7 are newer than the ones used by Sun's build so you'll also need to install a compatability library.
Java Runtime Environment (JRE) 6 Update 2 from Java.com. You'll want to grab the Linux RPM in self-extracting file. Then you want to install it with:
# yum -y install compat-libstdc++-33
# sh ./jre-6u2-linux-i586-rpm.bin
Then you'll probably want to enable Java Plug-ins and here once again there is no easy way:
# ln -s /usr/java/jre1.6.0_02/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
And finally you'll need to tell Fedora that you wish to use this version of Java as the preferred interpreter rather than the Open Source version that's installed by default. You'll of course need to adjust the full pathname if you install a newer version of the jre than the one in this example: # /usr/sbin/alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java \
/usr/java/jre1.6.0_02/bin/java 1602
# /usr/sbin/alternatives --config java
There are 2 programs which provide 'java'.
Selection Command
-----------------------------------------------
+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/jre-1.5.0-gcj/bin/java
* 2 /usr/java/jre1.6.0_02/bin/java
Enter to keep the current selection[+], or type selection number: 2
# java -version
java version "1.6.0_02"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_02-b05)
Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (build 1.6.0_02-b05, mixed mode, sharing)
If you know of an easier way please post it to the Comments section below.
After you re-start your browser you can test the Java plug-in installation at http://java.com/en/download/installed.jsp
Linux Tips & Tricks (Sound)
I use mpg123 (there's a debianized package) with sox. The command line is the following: #!/bin/bash# mp32wav mpg123 -b 10000 -s "$1" sox -t raw -r 44100 -s -w -c2 - "$2" And the use is: mp32wav
file.mp3=> file.wav
MP32Wav: http://www.chip.co.id/freeware/mpw00.html
8hz-mp3, http://www.8hz.com
bladeenc, http://home8.swipnet.se/~w-82625
Bladeenc is supposedly faster.
file.mp3=> file.wav
MP32Wav: http://www.chip.co.id/freeware/mpw00.html
8hz-mp3, http://www.8hz.com
bladeenc, http://home8.swipnet.se/~w-82625
Bladeenc is supposedly faster.
Linux Distros
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Saturday, April 12, 2008
Ubuntu
Ubuntu (IPA: [uːˈbuːntuː] in English,[ùbúntú] in Zulu) is a Linux distribution for desktops, laptops, and servers. It has consistently been rated among the most popular of the many GNU/Linux distributions. Ubuntu's goals include providing an up-to-date yet stable operating system for the average user and having a strong focus on usability and ease of installation. It is a derivative of Debian GNU/Linux. Ubuntu is sponsored by Canonical Ltd, owned by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth. The name of the distribution comes from the southern African concept of ubuntu which may be rendered roughly as "humanity toward others", "we are people because of other people", or "I am who I am because of who we all are", though other meanings have been suggested.This Linux distribution is named Ubuntu as it is expected to bring the spirit of Ubuntu to the software world. Ubuntu is free software and users can share it among each other.
Kubuntu and Xubuntu are official subprojects of the Ubuntu project, aiming to bring the KDE and Xfce desktop environments, respectively, to the Ubuntu core (Ubuntu uses GNOME for its desktop environment). Edubuntu is an official subproject designed for school environments, and should be equally suitable for children to use at home. Gobuntu is an official subproject that is aimed at adhering strictly to the Free Software Foundation's Four Freedoms.The newest official subproject is JeOS. Ubuntu JeOS (pronounced "Juice") is a concept for what an operating system should look like in the context of a virtual appliance.
Ubuntu releases new versions every six months, and supports those releases for 18 months with daily security fixes and patches to critical bugs. The most recent version, Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon), was released on 18 October 2007. There are also Long Term Support (LTS) releases, which have three years support for the desktop version and five years for the server version. The most recent major LTS version, Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake), was released on June 1, 2006. The first update, Ubuntu 6.06.1, was released on August 10, 2006, while the second, 6.06.2, was released on January 21, 2008.The next major LTS version will be 8.04 (Hardy Heron), scheduled for release in April 2008. Following this, Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex) is planned for release in October 2008.
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